Research Article
Characterization of Fungal Diseases in Palm Oil Nurseries and Implementation of Control Methods
Camara Brahima*,
Coulibaly Klotioloma,
Dagnogo Tchima,
Tuo Seydou,
Koné Daouda
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
92-102
Received:
28 October 2023
Accepted:
15 December 2023
Published:
22 December 2023
Abstract: Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) occupies an important place in the Ivorian economy. However, its cultivation is subject to numerous attacks by pests and fungal pathogens. The aim of the present work was to evaluate in vivo and in vitro the antifungal effect of three synthetic fungicides at different concentrations on the evolution of curvulariosis in palm oil nurseries in Côte d’Ivoire. To this end, a trial was carried out in the Boubo palm oil nursery to evaluate in vivo the effect of synthetic fungicides on the severity and incidence of curvulariosis. Samples of leaves showing characteristic symptoms of the disease were then taken from the palm oil nursery and sent to the laboratory for analysis. Two fungi were isolated from these symptoms. These were: Fusarium sp., and Curvularia sp. Among these fungi, Curvularia sp. was the most isolated, with an isolation frequency of 94.28%. The in vitro effect of the three synthetic fungicides on mycelial growth of the Curvularia sp. fungus showed that only the synthetic fungicide Flash (Benomyl) was effective, with a higher inhibition rate of 70.77% on mycelial growth of the pathogen at the 50 ppm concentration. The same was true for disease development in the nursery. These results indicate that Flash fungicide is best suited to the control of curvulariosis in palm oil nurseries.
Abstract: Palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) occupies an important place in the Ivorian economy. However, its cultivation is subject to numerous attacks by pests and fungal pathogens. The aim of the present work was to evaluate in vivo and in vitro the antifungal effect of three synthetic fungicides at different concentrations on the evolution of curvulari...
Show More
Research Article
Verifying Wheat-Chickpea Varieties for Double Cropping on the Vertiosols of Central Highland of Ethiopia
Midekesa Chala*,
Chala Chalchissa,
Bahiru Addisu
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
103-108
Received:
23 November 2023
Accepted:
18 December 2023
Published:
28 December 2023
Abstract: Climate change, land scarcity, and anthropogenic factors are the major challenges to agricultural productivity and cause food insecurity to feed the ever-increasing human population. Vertiosols in the central highlands of Ethiopia have the potential to produce a second crop using residual moisture after harvesting the main crop within the same cropping calendar. Farmers are practising double cropping using local varieties because there are neither verified research outputs nor awareness and promotion that support the practise of double cropping in the area. Field experiments were conducted during the 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons at Ejersa Lafo and Dandi districts in the West Shewa zone to evaluate the economic and agronomical feasibility of wheat-chickpea in double cropping combinations. The treatments consisted of four bread wheat varieties (Wane, Dursa, Abay, and Kakaba) and three chickpea varieties (Teketay, Dalot, and Natoli). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The combined result showed that Dursa and Kakaba wheat varieties required the smallest number of days to mature (118 days), whereas Abay and Wane required 125 and 132 days to reach maturity, respectively. Kakaba and Abay varieties produced the highest thousand seed weight and grain yield, whereas Dursa varieties produced a statistically (P< 0.05) lower yield and thousand seed weight than the other varieties. The results indicate that the interaction of bread wheat and chickpea varieties had a significant effect on the grain yield of chickpea. Teketay chickpea variety double cropped with Kakaba bread wheat variety gave the highest grain yield (2595.15 kg ha–1). The highest economic benefit (ETB 235193 ha-1) with the highest MRR (275%) resulted from the Teketay chickpea variety, which was double cropped with the Kakaba bread wheat variety. Therefore, Kakaba bread wheat variety and Teketay chickpea variety could be recommended for double cropping on the vertiosol of the west Shewa zone (Dandi and Ejersa Lafo districts) and similar agroecologies.
Abstract: Climate change, land scarcity, and anthropogenic factors are the major challenges to agricultural productivity and cause food insecurity to feed the ever-increasing human population. Vertiosols in the central highlands of Ethiopia have the potential to produce a second crop using residual moisture after harvesting the main crop within the same crop...
Show More
